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ACOX1

Chr 17q25.1

acyl-CoA oxidase 1

Aliases:
PALMCOX
MANE:
ENST00000293217.10

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Predicted protein structure

Clinical relevance (Genomics England PanelApp)

Diagnostic Grade (Green)

  • Childhood onset dystonia, chorea or related movement disorder

    BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
  • DDG2P

    BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
  • Early onset or syndromic epilepsy

    BOTH monoallelic and biallelic (but BIALLELIC mutations cause a more SEVERE disease form), autosomal or pseudoautosomal
  • Fetal anomalies

    BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
  • Hereditary neuropathy or pain disorder

    MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown
  • Inherited white matter disorders

    BOTH monoallelic and biallelic (but BIALLELIC mutations cause a more SEVERE disease form), autosomal or pseudoautosomal
  • Intellectual disability

    BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
  • Likely inborn error of metabolism

    BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal

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Disease associations (Open Targets)

  • peroxisomal acyl-CoA oxidase deficiency

    0.82
  • Mitchell syndrome

    0.78
  • hereditary disease

    0.42
  • neurodegenerative disease

    0.37
  • autoimmune disorder of central nervous system

    0.34
  • Muscle weakness

    0.27
  • hypertensive disorder

    0.18
  • hypothyroidism

    0.15
  • hyperlipidemia

    0.15
  • morbid obesity

    0.13

Score is the Open Targets composite evidence score (0-1). Higher = stronger gene-disease association.

Protein function (UniProt)

Peroxisomal acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 1

Involved in the initial and rate-limiting step of peroxisomal beta-oxidation of straight-chain saturated and unsaturated very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) (PubMed:15060085, PubMed:17458872, PubMed:17603022, PubMed:32169171, PubMed:33234382, PubMed:7876265). Catalyzes the desaturation of fatty acyl-CoAs that have a saturated bond between C2 and C3 (2,3-saturated acyl-CoA) to 2-trans-enoyl-CoAs ((2E)-enoyl-CoAs), and donates electrons directly to molecular oxygen (O(2)), thereby producing hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) (PubMed:17458872, PubMed:17603022, PubMed:7876265). May play a role in peroxisomal beta-oxidation step in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) biosynthesis. Possibly regulates systemic levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6n-3) through a process involving endoplasmic reticulum desaturation and elongation of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, C18:3n-3) to form tetracosahexaenoic acid (THA, C24:6n-3), which is then beta-oxidized to DHA in peroxisomes (Probable). Involved in VLCFA-dependent hepatic-to-adipose tissue inter-organ signaling in response to diet. Through hepatic beta-oxidation of THA, may regulate THA systemic levels and THA-dependent activation of FFAR4 signaling in adipocytes, limiting adipose tissue thermogenesis (By similarity)

Data sources: HGNC (CC BY 4.0), AlphaFold (CC BY 4.0, Jumper et al. Nature 2021), Genomics England PanelApp (CC BY 4.0), ClinGen, Open Targets (CC0), UniProt.

Not for sole clinical decision-making. Always verify against primary sources.