AMFR

Chr 16q13

autocrine motility factor receptor

Aliases:: RNF45, gp78
MANE:: ENST00000290649.10

OMIM: 603243 ↗NCBI: 267 ↗Ensembl ↗

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Predicted protein structure

AlphaFold predicted structure

AMFR · Q9UKV5

v62025-08-01

Predicted Aligned Error matrix for AMFR — diagonal shows residue index, colour shows pairwise prediction confidence (lower is better) — Predicted Aligned Error

Mean pLDDT

72.8/ 100

Confident

643 residues

Confidence breakdown

Very high(≥ 90)27%
Confident(70–90)38%
Low(50–70)13%
Very low(< 50)23%

Open interactive 3D viewer

AlphaFold (Jumper et al., 2021) · CC BY 4.0

Clinical relevance (Genomics England PanelApp)

Diagnostic Grade (Green)

Childhood onset hereditary spastic paraplegia
BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
DDG2P
BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Primary immunodeficiency or monogenic inflammatory bowel disease
MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown

Disease associations (Open Targets)

spastic paraplegia 89, autosomal recessive
0.61
breast carcinoma
0.28
breast cancer
0.26
neurodegenerative disease
0.22
Uterine leiomyoma
0.21
optic neuritis
0.18
neuropathy
0.18
marfanoid habitus and intellectual disability
0.12
Primary amenorrhea
0.12
breast ductal adenocarcinoma
0.11

Score is the Open Targets composite evidence score (0-1). Higher = stronger gene-disease association.

Protein function (UniProt)

E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase AMFR

E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates the polyubiquitination of lysine and cysteine residues on target proteins, such as CD3D, CYP3A4, CFTR, INSIG1, SOAT2/ACAT2 and APOB for proteasomal degradation (PubMed:10456327, PubMed:11724934, PubMed:12670940, PubMed:19103148, PubMed:24424410, PubMed:28604676). Component of a VCP/p97-AMFR/gp78 complex that participates in the final step of endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) (PubMed:10456327, PubMed:11724934, PubMed:19103148, PubMed:24424410). The VCP/p97-AMFR/gp78 complex is involved in the sterol-accelerated ERAD degradation of HMGCR through binding to the HMGCR-INSIG1 complex at the ER membrane (PubMed:16168377, PubMed:22143767). In addition, interaction of AMFR with AUP1 facilitates interaction of AMFR with ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme UBE2G2 and ubiquitin ligase RNF139, leading to sterol-induced HMGCR ubiquitination (PubMed:23223569). The ubiquitinated HMGCR is then released from the ER into the cytosol for subsequent destruction (PubMed:16168377, PubMed:22143767, PubMed:23223569). In addition to ubiquitination on lysine residues, catalyzes ubiquitination on cysteine residues: together with INSIG1, mediates polyubiquitination of SOAT2/ACAT2 at 'Cys-277', leading to its degradation when the lipid levels are low (PubMed:28604676). Catalyzes ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of INSIG1 when cells are depleted of sterols (PubMed:17043353). Mediates polyubiquitination of INSIG2 at 'Cys-215' in some tissues, leading to its degradation (PubMed:31953408). Also regulates ERAD through the ubiquitination of UBL4A a component of the BAG6/BAT3 complex (PubMed:21636303). Also acts as a scaffold protein to assemble a complex that couples ubiquitination, retranslocation and deglycosylation (PubMed:21636303). Mediates tumor invasion and metastasis as a receptor for the GPI/autocrine motility factor (PubMed:10456327). In association with LMBR1L and UBAC2, negatively regulates the canonical Wnt signaling pathway in the lymphocytes by promoting the ubiquitin-mediated degradation of CTNNB1 and Wnt receptors FZD6 and LRP6 (PubMed:31073040). Regulates NF-kappa-B and MAPK signaling pathways by mediating 'Lys-27'-linked polyubiquitination of TAB3 and promoting subsequent TAK1/MAP3K7 activation (PubMed:36593296). Required for proper lipid homeostasis (PubMed:37119330)