CD28

Chr 2q33.2

CD28 molecule

MANE:: ENST00000324106.9

OMIM: 186760 ↗NCBI: 940 ↗Ensembl ↗

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Predicted protein structure

AlphaFold predicted structure

CD28 · P10747

v62025-08-01

Predicted Aligned Error matrix for CD28 — diagonal shows residue index, colour shows pairwise prediction confidence (lower is better) — Predicted Aligned Error

Mean pLDDT

81.3/ 100

Confident

220 residues

Confidence breakdown

Very high(≥ 90)51%
Confident(70–90)18%
Low(50–70)30%
Very low(< 50)2%

Open interactive 3D viewer

AlphaFold (Jumper et al., 2021) · CC BY 4.0

Clinical relevance (Genomics England PanelApp)

Moderate Evidence (Amber)

COVID-19 research
Unknown
Primary immunodeficiency or monogenic inflammatory bowel disease
BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal

Disease associations (Open Targets)

HIV infectious disease
0.51
asthma
0.45
immunodeficiency 123 with HPV-related verrucosis
0.40
cancer
0.39
inflammatory bowel disease
0.39
autoimmune disease
0.38
hypothyroidism
0.35
psoriasis
0.31
urolithiasis
0.31
alcohol drinking
0.31

Score is the Open Targets composite evidence score (0-1). Higher = stronger gene-disease association.

Protein function (UniProt)

T-cell-specific surface glycoprotein CD28

Receptor that plays a role in T-cell activation, proliferation, survival and the maintenance of immune homeostasis (PubMed:1650475, PubMed:7568038). Functions not only as an amplifier of TCR signals but delivers unique signals that control intracellular biochemical events that alter the gene expression program of T-cells (PubMed:24665965). Stimulation upon engagement of its cognate ligands CD80 or CD86 increases proliferation and expression of various cytokines in particular IL2 production in both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cell subsets (PubMed:12196291, PubMed:1650475, PubMed:35397202). Mechanistically, ligation induces recruitment of protein kinase C-theta/PRKCQ and GRB2 leading to NF-kappa-B activation via both PI3K/Akt-dependent and -independent pathways (PubMed:21964608, PubMed:24665965, PubMed:7568038). In conjunction with TCR/CD3 ligation and CD40L costimulation, enhances the production of IL4 and IL10 in T-cells (PubMed:8617933)