Skip to content
GenoLensGenoLens

CYP21A2

Chr 6p21.33

cytochrome P450 family 21 subfamily A member 2

Aliases:
P450c21B, CA21H, CPS1, CAH1
MANE:
ENST00000644719.2

Annotations refreshed 10 hours ago.

Predicted protein structure

Clinical relevance (Genomics England PanelApp)

Diagnostic Grade (Green)

  • Congenital adrenal hyperplasia diagnostic test

    BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
  • Differences in sex development

    BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
  • Fetal anomalies

    BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
  • Congenital adrenal hypoplasia

  • Extreme early-onset hypertension

    BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal

Disease associations (Open Targets)

  • classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency

    0.83
  • congenital adrenal hyperplasia

    0.56
  • hereditary disease

    0.49
  • Ehlers-Danlos syndrome due to tenascin-X deficiency

    0.40
  • vesicoureteral reflux 8

    0.39
  • classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency, simple virilizing form

    0.37
  • adrenal gland disorder

    0.37
  • classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency, salt wasting form

    0.37
  • congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia due to STAR deficency

    0.34
  • allergic disease

    0.25

Score is the Open Targets composite evidence score (0-1). Higher = stronger gene-disease association.

Protein function (UniProt)

Steroid 21-hydroxylase

A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase that plays a major role in adrenal steroidogenesis. Catalyzes the hydroxylation at C-21 of progesterone and 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone to respectively form 11-deoxycorticosterone and 11-deoxycortisol, intermediate metabolites in the biosynthetic pathway of mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids (PubMed:10602386, PubMed:16984992, PubMed:22014889, PubMed:25855791, PubMed:27721825). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR; NADPH-ferrihemoprotein reductase) (PubMed:25855791)

Data sources: HGNC (CC BY 4.0), AlphaFold (CC BY 4.0, Jumper et al. Nature 2021), Genomics England PanelApp (CC BY 4.0), ClinGen, Open Targets (CC0), UniProt.

Not for sole clinical decision-making. Always verify against primary sources.