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DNA2

Chr 10q21.3

DNA replication helicase/nuclease 2

Aliases:
KIAA0083
MANE:
ENST00000358410.8

Annotations refreshed 1 month ago.

Predicted protein structure

Clinical relevance (Genomics England PanelApp)

Diagnostic Grade (Green)

  • Fetal anomalies

    BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
  • Likely inborn error of metabolism

    MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
  • Mitochondrial disorders

    MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
  • Mitochondrial DNA maintenance disorder

    MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown
  • Possible mitochondrial disorder - nuclear genes

    MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown
  • Severe microcephaly

    BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
  • Undiagnosed metabolic disorders

    MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
  • Cerebral vascular malformations

    BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal

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Disease associations (Open Targets)

  • mitochondrial DNA deletion syndrome with progressive myopathy

    0.80
  • Seckel syndrome 8

    0.66
  • Rothmund-Thomson syndrome type 4

    0.59
  • Seckel syndrome

    0.56
  • cancer

    0.55
  • Rothmund-Thomson syndrome

    0.51
  • microcephalic primordial dwarfism

    0.46
  • hereditary disease

    0.34
  • Non-acquired isolated growth hormone deficiency

    0.26
  • Tietze syndrome

    0.26

Score is the Open Targets composite evidence score (0-1). Higher = stronger gene-disease association.

Protein function (UniProt)

DNA replication ATP-dependent helicase/nuclease DNA2

Key enzyme involved in DNA replication and DNA repair in nucleus and mitochondrion. Involved in Okazaki fragments processing by cleaving long flaps that escape FEN1: flaps that are longer than 27 nucleotides are coated by replication protein A complex (RPA), leading to recruit DNA2 which cleaves the flap until it is too short to bind RPA and becomes a substrate for FEN1. Also involved in 5'-end resection of DNA during double-strand break (DSB) repair: recruited by BLM and mediates the cleavage of 5'-ssDNA, while the 3'-ssDNA cleavage is prevented by the presence of RPA. Also involved in DNA replication checkpoint independently of Okazaki fragments processing. Possesses different enzymatic activities, such as single-stranded DNA (ssDNA)-dependent ATPase, 5'-3' helicase and endonuclease activities. While the ATPase and endonuclease activities are well-defined and play a key role in Okazaki fragments processing and DSB repair, the 5'-3' DNA helicase activity is subject to debate. According to various reports, the helicase activity is absent to weak and its function remains largely unclear. Helicase activity may promote the motion of DNA2 on the flap, helping the nuclease function

Data sources: HGNC (CC BY 4.0), AlphaFold (CC BY 4.0, Jumper et al. Nature 2021), Genomics England PanelApp (CC BY 4.0), ClinGen, Open Targets (CC0), UniProt.

Not for sole clinical decision-making. Always verify against primary sources.