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HESX1

Chr 3p14.3

HESX homeobox 1

Aliases:
RPX, ANF
MANE:
ENST00000295934.8

Annotations refreshed 1 month ago.

Predicted protein structure

Clinical relevance (Genomics England PanelApp)

Diagnostic Grade (Green)

  • Congenital hypothyroidism

    BOTH monoallelic and biallelic (but BIALLELIC mutations cause a more SEVERE disease form), autosomal or pseudoautosomal
  • DDG2P

    BOTH monoallelic and biallelic, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
  • Fetal anomalies

    BOTH monoallelic and biallelic, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
  • Intellectual disability

    BOTH monoallelic and biallelic, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
  • IUGR and IGF abnormalities

    BOTH monoallelic and biallelic, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
  • Pituitary hormone deficiency

    BOTH monoallelic and biallelic, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
  • Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism

    BOTH monoallelic and biallelic, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
  • Monogenic short stature

    BOTH monoallelic and biallelic, autosomal or pseudoautosomal

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Disease associations (Open Targets)

  • septooptic dysplasia

    0.82
  • Combined pituitary hormone deficiencies, genetic forms

    0.81
  • Septo-optic dysplasia

    0.76
  • pituitary hormone deficiency, combined, 1

    0.48
  • combined pituitary hormone deficiencies, genetic form

    0.47
  • hereditary disease

    0.47
  • Kallmann syndrome

    0.38
  • pituitary stalk interruption syndrome

    0.38
  • hypothyroidism due to deficient transcription factors involved in pituitary development or function

    0.38
  • Male infertility with spermatogenesis disorder

    0.27

Score is the Open Targets composite evidence score (0-1). Higher = stronger gene-disease association.

Protein function (UniProt)

Homeobox expressed in ES cells 1

Required for the normal development of the forebrain, eyes and other anterior structures such as the olfactory placodes and pituitary gland. Possible transcriptional repressor. Binds to the palindromic PIII sequence, 5'-AGCTTGAGTCTAATTGAATTAACTGTAC-3'. HESX1 and PROP1 bind as heterodimers on this palindromic site, and, in vitro, HESX1 can antagonize PROP1 activation

Data sources: HGNC (CC BY 4.0), AlphaFold (CC BY 4.0, Jumper et al. Nature 2021), Genomics England PanelApp (CC BY 4.0), ClinGen, Open Targets (CC0), UniProt.

Not for sole clinical decision-making. Always verify against primary sources.