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MTR

Chr 1q43

5-methyltetrahydrofolate-homocysteine methyltransferase

Aliases:
cblG
MANE:
ENST00000366577.10

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Predicted protein structure

Clinical relevance (Genomics England PanelApp)

Diagnostic Grade (Green)

  • Cytopenias and congenital anaemias

    BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
  • DDG2P

    BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
  • Intellectual disability

    BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
  • Likely inborn error of metabolism

    BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
  • Rare anaemia

    BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
  • Undiagnosed metabolic disorders

    BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
  • Early onset or syndromic epilepsy

    BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
  • Childhood onset dystonia, chorea or related movement disorder

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Disease associations (Open Targets)

  • methylcobalamin deficiency type cblG

    0.82
  • neural tube defects, folate-sensitive

    0.57
  • homocystinuria without methylmalonic aciduria

    0.50
  • methylmalonic aciduria and homocystinuria type cblG

    0.46
  • Intellectual disability

    0.44
  • hereditary disease

    0.42
  • disorders of vitamin D metabolism

    0.42
  • isolated spina bifida

    0.37
  • methylmalonic aciduria and homocystinuria type cblE

    0.37
  • homocystinuria

    0.33

Score is the Open Targets composite evidence score (0-1). Higher = stronger gene-disease association.

Protein function (UniProt)

Methionine synthase

Catalyzes the transfer of a methyl group from methylcob(III)alamin (MeCbl) to homocysteine, yielding enzyme-bound cob(I)alamin and methionine in the cytosol (PubMed:16769880, PubMed:17288554, PubMed:27771510). MeCbl is an active form of cobalamin (vitamin B12) used as a cofactor for methionine biosynthesis. Cob(I)alamin form is regenerated to MeCbl by a transfer of a methyl group from 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (PubMed:16769880, PubMed:17288554, PubMed:27771510). The processing of cobalamin in the cytosol occurs in a multiprotein complex composed of at least MMACHC, MMADHC, MTRR (methionine synthase reductase) and MTR which may contribute to shuttle safely and efficiently cobalamin towards MTR in order to produce methionine (PubMed:16769880, PubMed:27771510)

Data sources: HGNC (CC BY 4.0), AlphaFold (CC BY 4.0, Jumper et al. Nature 2021), Genomics England PanelApp (CC BY 4.0), ClinGen, Open Targets (CC0), UniProt.

Not for sole clinical decision-making. Always verify against primary sources.