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NKX2-5

Chr 5q35.1

NK2 homeobox 5

Aliases:
CSX1, NKX2.5, NKX4-1
MANE:
ENST00000329198.5

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Predicted protein structure

Clinical relevance (Genomics England PanelApp)

Diagnostic Grade (Green)

  • DDG2P

    MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown
  • Dilated and arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy

    MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown
  • Familial non syndromic congenital heart disease

    MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
  • Fetal anomalies

    MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown
  • Paediatric or syndromic cardiomyopathy

    MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown
  • Progressive cardiac conduction disease

    MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
  • Congenital hypothyroidism

    MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
  • Laterality disorders and isomerism

    MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown

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Disease associations (Open Targets)

  • Atrial septal defect - atrioventricular conduction defects

    0.78
  • atrial septal defect 7

    0.76
  • Tetralogy of Fallot

    0.76
  • atrial septal defect

    0.73
  • hypothyroidism, congenital, nongoitrous, 5

    0.71
  • ventricular septal defect 3

    0.66
  • hypoplastic left heart syndrome 2

    0.62
  • conotruncal heart malformations

    0.60
  • Abnormality of the cardiovascular system

    0.54
  • atrial fibrillation

    0.54

Score is the Open Targets composite evidence score (0-1). Higher = stronger gene-disease association.

Protein function (UniProt)

Homeobox protein Nkx-2.5

Transcription factor required for the development of the heart and the spleen (PubMed:22560297). During heart development, acts as a transcriptional activator of NPPA/ANF in cooperation with GATA4 (By similarity). May cooperate with TBX2 to negatively modulate expression of NPPA/ANF in the atrioventricular canal (By similarity). Binds to the core DNA motif of NPPA promoter (PubMed:22849347, PubMed:26926761). Together with PBX1, required for spleen development through a mechanism that involves CDKN2B repression (PubMed:22560297). Positively regulates transcription of genes such as COL3A1 and MMP2, resulting in increased pulmonary endothelial fibrosis in response to hypoxia (PubMed:29899023)

Data sources: HGNC (CC BY 4.0), AlphaFold (CC BY 4.0, Jumper et al. Nature 2021), Genomics England PanelApp (CC BY 4.0), ClinGen, Open Targets (CC0), UniProt.

Not for sole clinical decision-making. Always verify against primary sources.