NLR family pyrin domain containing 3
Annotations refreshed 1 month ago.
Diagnostic Grade (Green)
Autoinflammatory disorders
MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknownCOVID-19 research
MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknownFetal anomalies
MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprintedPeriodic fever syndromes
MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprintedPrimary immunodeficiency or monogenic inflammatory bowel disease
MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknownRare genetic inflammatory skin disorders
MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknownSkeletal dysplasia
MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprintedHereditary systemic amyloidosis
MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted+3 more panels — install the extension to see the full list inline on any page.
CINCA syndrome
Muckle-Wells syndrome
familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome 1
keratitis fugax hereditaria
Familial cold urticaria
autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss
cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome
autoinflammatory syndrome
severe acute respiratory syndrome
COVID-19
Score is the Open Targets composite evidence score (0-1). Higher = stronger gene-disease association.
NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3
Sensor component of the NLRP3 inflammasome, which mediates inflammasome activation in response to defects in membrane integrity, leading to secretion of inflammatory cytokines IL1B and IL18 and pyroptosis (PubMed:16407889, PubMed:18403674, PubMed:18604214, PubMed:23582325, PubMed:25686105, PubMed:27929086, PubMed:28656979, PubMed:28847925, PubMed:30487600, PubMed:30612879, PubMed:31086327, PubMed:31086329, PubMed:31189953, PubMed:33231615, PubMed:34133077, PubMed:34341353, PubMed:34512673, PubMed:36442502, PubMed:40250624, PubMed:40450990). In response to pathogens and other damage-associated signals that affect the integrity of membranes, initiates the formation of the inflammasome polymeric complex composed of NLRP3, CASP1 and PYCARD/ASC (PubMed:16407889, PubMed:18403674, PubMed:27432880, PubMed:28847925, PubMed:31189953, PubMed:33231615, PubMed:34133077, PubMed:34341353, PubMed:36142182, PubMed:36442502). Recruitment of pro-caspase-1 (proCASP1) to the NLRP3 inflammasome promotes caspase-1 (CASP1) activation, which subsequently cleaves and activates inflammatory cytokines IL1B and IL18 and gasdermin-D (GSDMD), promoting cytokine secretion and pyroptosis (PubMed:23582325, PubMed:28847925, PubMed:31189953, PubMed:33231615, PubMed:34133077, PubMed:34341353). Activation of NLRP3 inflammasome is also required for HMGB1 secretion; stimulating inflammatory responses (PubMed:22801494). Involved in the homeostatic wound healing response to tissue injury, a multistep cascade that guides neutrophil migration to necrotic sites while avoiding collateral damage of healthy tissues. ATP released from necrotic cells triggers activation of NLRP3 inflammasome through P2RX7 signaling leading to neutrophil adhesion to the vascular endothelium close to the injury site (By similarity). Under resting conditions, ADP-bound NLRP3 is autoinhibited (PubMed:35114687). NLRP3 activation stimuli include extracellular ATP, nigericin, reactive oxygen species, crystals of monosodium urate or cholesterol, amyloid-beta fibers, environmental or industrial particles and nanoparticles, such as asbestos, silica, aluminum salts, cytosolic dsRNA, etc (PubMed:16407889, PubMed:18403674, PubMed:18604214, PubMed:19414800, PubMed:23871209). Almost all stimuli trigger intracellular K(+) efflux (By similarity). These stimuli lead to membrane perturbation and activation of NLRP3 (By similarity). Upon activation, NLRP3 is transported to microtubule organizing center (MTOC), where it is unlocked by NEK7, leading to its relocalization to dispersed trans-Golgi network (dTGN) vesicle membranes and formation of an active inflammasome complex (PubMed:36442502, PubMed:39173637). Associates with dTGN vesicle membranes by binding to phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PtdIns4P) (PubMed:30487600, PubMed:34554188). Shows ATPase activity (PubMed:17483456)
Curated MONDO disease pages that list NLRP3 among their top associated genes.
NLRP3 · Q96P20
Mean pLDDT
81.1/ 100
Confident
1,036 residues
Confidence breakdown
AlphaFold (Jumper et al., 2021) · CC BY 4.0
